Background Because of the complex interaction of their severe physical injuries, prolonged hospitalisations, and subsequent functional impairments, polytrauma patients have an increased risk for developing psychological morbidities due to this combined effect. Additionally, while trauma patients typically experience both depression and anxiety in large numbers, these are often underdiagnosed, even though there is evidence to suggest that the severity of the injury also has an effect on the long-term impact on the individual’s mental health. The imaging modalities available, such as CT (computerised tomography) and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), provide objective assessment of the “burden of trauma”; however, the relationship between imaging assessment and mental health outcomes remains largely unexplored. Objectives To determine the prevalence of depression and anxiety among polytrauma patients and to evaluate their correlation with CT/MRI-based injury severity scores. Methods The researchers conducted a cross-sectional study in a tertiary care trauma centre for 18 months and enrolled 120 adult polytrauma patients. They used validated screening scales to assess depression and anxiety, building upon traditional clinical rating scales for both types of disorders, and they used standard CT and MRI to quantify the severity of injuries. Statistical analyses were conducted to calculate the prevalence of these disorders and to evaluate any correlation(s) that existed between psychological score(s) and radiological injury severity. Results A high number of polytrauma patients had symptoms of depression and anxiety. There was also a direct correlation between the degree/severity of a patient's CT/MRI score and the amount/level of both depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms in that patient. Additionally, correlation analysis showed a statistically significant positive correlation between injury severity and psychological distress in these patients. Conclusion Patients with multiple traumatic injuries often suffer from depression and anxiety, and there is a significant correlation between severity of the injuries based on radiological imaging and having these comorbidities. The findings of the present study underscore the importance of routinely screening for mental health conditions and providing timely mental health interventions in the overall trauma care of patients who have sustained large or complex injuries.

Background: The kidneys play a pivotal role in maintaining internal homeostasis by regulating water, electrolyte balance, acid–base status, and blood pressure, in addition to performing important endocrine functions such as erythropoietin and calcitriol production. Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is increasingly recognized as a major public health problem worldwide, particularly in developing countries like India. While CKD is traditionally associated with older adults, its growing prevalence among younger individuals is alarming due to its long-term health, social, and economic consequences. Young patients often experience a prolonged asymptomatic phase, leading to delayed diagnosis and presentation in advanced stages. There is limited region-specific data on the clinical profile, etiological spectrum, and risk factors of CKD in young populations in eastern India Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Postgraduate Department of General Medicine and the Department of Nephrology at SCB Medical College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, from April 2023 to June 2024. A total of 20 young patients aged 15–24 years diagnosed with CKD were included after obtaining informed consent. Patients with acute infections, liver failure, congestive heart failure, pregnancy, solitary kidney, or obstructive renal pathology were excluded. Detailed clinical history, physical examination, and anthropometric measurements were recorded using a predesigned semi-structured proforma. Laboratory investigations included complete blood count, renal function tests, electrolytes, inflammatory markers, lipid profile, random blood sugar, and immunological tests where indicated. Imaging studies, renal artery Doppler, and renal biopsy were performed as required. Results: The study population showed a marked male predominance (70%), with a male-to-female ratio of 2.33:1. Hypertensive nephrosclerosis (35%) and diabetic nephropathy (30%) were the leading etiologies, followed by chronic glomerulonephritis (20%). The most common presenting symptoms were dyspnea (80%), periorbital edema (75%), anorexia (70%), nausea and vomiting (70%), and oliguria (60%). Pallor and bilateral pedal edema were the most frequent clinical signs (90% each). Tobacco use (60%), alcohol consumption (40%), and smoking (30%) were the major modifiable risk factors identified. A significant proportion of patients presented in advanced stages, with 35% in stage IV and 45% in stage V CKD. Hypertension (35%), diabetes mellitus (30%), and cardiovascular disease (30%) were the most common comorbidities. Conclusion: Chronic kidney disease imposes a substantial burden on young individuals, with most patients presenting in advanced stages and exhibiting significant comorbidities and lifestyle-related risk factors. Early detection, targeted screening, lifestyle modification, and effective management of hypertension and diabetes are crucial to reducing disease progression and improving long-term outcomes. This study underscores the need for strengthened public health strategies and further large-scale research to better understand and address CKD in young populations.