Background: Age-related sensorineural hearing loss (presbycusis) is a prevalent and often underdiagnosed condition in the elderly, leading to communication difficulties and social isolation. Early identification through screening audiometry may enable timely intervention and rehabilitation. Material and Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 156 geriatric participants aged ≥60 years attending the Otorhinolaryngology outpatient department. Individuals with middle ear pathology, prior ear surgery, or exposure to ototoxic agents were excluded. Detailed demographic data were recorded, and each participant underwent otologic examination, screening audiometry, and pure tone audiometry (PTA). Hearing thresholds were classified according to the WHO criteria. The diagnostic performance of screening audiometry was evaluated against PTA, and age-related changes in hearing thresholds were analyzed. Results: Among the participants, 43.6% were aged 60–69 years, 37.2% were 70–79 years, and 19.2% were ≥80 years. Males constituted 57.7% of the study population. Hypertension (56.4%) and diabetes mellitus (41.0%) were the most common comorbidities. Based on PTA, 39.1% of ears had normal hearing, while the remaining exhibited varying degrees of hearing loss, predominantly mild and moderate. Screening audiometry showed a sensitivity of 91.6%, specificity of 88.5%, positive predictive value of 92.6%, and negative predictive value of 87.1% when compared with PTA. Mean hearing thresholds increased progressively with age, and the correlation between age and degree of hearing loss was statistically significant (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Age-related hearing loss is highly prevalent among the elderly. Screening audiometry demonstrates high diagnostic accuracy and can serve as a practical tool for early detection, facilitating timely auditory rehabilitation and improved quality of life.

High-energy trauma, such as a car accident or osteoporosis, often results in a bimodal distribution of proximal humerus fractures in young men and old women. Most proximal humeral fractures are treated without surgery, however some severe breaks do need treatment. Disagreement exists on the best way to treat fractures in the upper part of the humerus. Treatment options range from rest to more intrusive procedures such plate osteosynthesis or open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) (MIPO). Functional and radiographic results of the anterolateral deltoid splitting technique for proximal humerus fractures are analyzed in this research.

Background: Vitamin D is essential for calcium metabolism, bone mineralization and musculoskeletal health. In elderly patients, vitamin D deficiency can impair fracture healing and delay postoperative recovery after fracture fixation. Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among older hip fracture patients undergoing fixation and to determine whether serum vitamin D levels are associated with the speed and quality of functional recovery following surgery. Materials and Methods: Prospective observational study for 14 months from April 2024 to May PMT Loni. A total of 75 old patients (age ≥60 years) undergoing surgical fracture fixation were included. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was measured preoperatively and compared with functional outcome scores, including the Harris Hip Score and the Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score at six-month follow-up. Results: Over 75 participants, 64% were found to have vitamin D deficiency (30a ng/mL). Patients with adequate vitamin D had significantly faster fracture healing, and better functional recovery (p<0.05). Conclusion: Vitamin D insufficiency is very common in elderly patients with fractures and is an important factor for recovery time. Routine screening and supplementation could improve functional recovery after fractures fixation.

Background: Degenerative shoulder arthritis leads to chronic pain and functional limitation. Intra-articular biologic therapies such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and hyaluronic acid (HA) have gained increasing attention as joint-preserving alternatives to corticosteroid injections and surgery. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of PRP and HA injections in improving pain and shoulder function in patients with degenerative shoulder arthritis. Methods: A total of 70 patients diagnosed with degenerative shoulder arthritis were prospectively enrolled and randomized into two groups: Group A received PRP (n=35) and Group B received HA (n=35) intra-articular injections under ultrasound guidance. Pain and functional outcomes were assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Constant-Murley Shoulder Score at baseline, 4, 12, and 24 weeks. Data were analyzed using Student’s t-test, chi-square test, and repeated-measures ANOVA, with a significance level of p<0.05. Results: Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics were comparable between the two groups (p>0.05). The mean reduction in VAS from baseline to 24 weeks was significantly greater in the PRP group (−4.6 ± 1.1) compared to the HA group (−3.6 ± 1.2) (p=0.0003). Similarly, the mean increase in Constant-Murley score was higher in the PRP group (+30 ± 9) than in the HA group (+21 ± 10) (p<0.001). A higher proportion of PRP-treated patients achieved clinically significant improvement in both pain (85.7% vs. 62.9%; p=0.029) and function (77.1% vs. 54.3%; p=0.044). No serious adverse events were reported in either group. Conclusion: PRP injections were more effective than HA in reducing pain and enhancing functional recovery in patients with degenerative shoulder arthritis, with comparable safety. PRP thus represents a promising, biologically driven treatment option for patients seeking non-surgical management of shoulder arthritis.